General guideline version — preoperative testing, cardiac pathway & referral
1 · Surgery risk
2 · Functional capacity
3 · Active / unstable conditions
Any of these generally means optimize & involve the relevant service before elective surgery.
4 · Comorbidities
Assessment
Framework: RCRI + functional capacity + surgery risk, per the 2024 AHA/ACC Perioperative Guideline and ASA / Choosing Wisely testing principles. Routine testing in healthy patients before low-risk surgery is discouraged.